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Compare Yemen (2002) - Tromelin Island (2004)

Compare Yemen (2002) z Tromelin Island (2004)

 Yemen (2002)Tromelin Island (2004)
 YemenTromelin Island
Administrative divisions 19 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Abyan, 'Adan, Ad Dali', Al Bayda', Al Hudaydah, Al Jawf, Al Mahrah, Al Mahwit, 'Amran, Dhamar, Hadramawt, Hajjah, Ibb, Lahij, Ma'rib, Sa'dah, San'a', Shabwah, Ta'izz


note: there may be one additional governorate of the capital city of Sanaa
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Age structure 0-14 years: 47% (male 4,468,928; female 4,317,648)


15-64 years: 50.1% (male 4,783,769; female 4,587,309)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 273,282; female 270,321) (2002 est.)
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Agriculture - products grain, fruits, vegetables, pulses, qat (mildly narcotic shrub), coffee, cotton; dairy products, livestock (sheep, goats, cattle, camels), poultry; fish -
Airports 49 (2001) 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 16


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 9


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
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Airports - with unpaved runways total: 28


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 7


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 11


under 914 m: 4 (2002)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 527,970 sq km


land: 527,970 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Perim, Socotra, the former Yemen Arab Republic (YAR or North Yemen), and the former People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY or South Yemen)
total: 1 sq km


land: 1 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than twice the size of Wyoming about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background North Yemen became independent of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The British, who had set up a protectorate area around the southern port of Aden in the 19th century, withdrew in 1967 from what became South Yemen. Three years later, the southern government adopted a Marxist orientation. The massive exodus of hundreds of thousands of Yemenis from the south to the north contributed to two decades of hostility between the states. The two countries were formally unified as the Republic of Yemen in 1990. A southern secessionist movement in 1994 was quickly subdued. In 2000, Saudi Arabia and Yemen agreed to a delimitation of their border. First explored by the French in 1776, the island came under the jurisdiction of Reunion in 1814. At present, it serves as a sea turtle sanctuary and is the site of an important meteorological station.
Birth rate 43.3 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Budget revenues: $3 billion


expenditures: $3.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
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Capital Sanaa -
Climate mostly desert; hot and humid along west coast; temperate in western mountains affected by seasonal monsoon; extraordinarily hot, dry, harsh desert in east tropical
Coastline 1,906 km 3.7 km
Constitution 16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001 -
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Yemen


conventional short form: Yemen


local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Yamaniyah


local short form: Al Yaman
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Tromelin Island


local long form: none


local short form: Ile Tromelin
Currency Yemeni rial (YER) -
Death rate 9.31 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Debt - external $4.7 billion (2001) -
Dependency status - possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Edmund J. HULL


embassy: Dhahar Himyar Zone, Sheraton Hotel District, Sanaa


mailing address: P. O. Box 22347, Sanaa


telephone: [967] (1) 303-161


FAX: [967] (1) 303-182
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Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Abd al-Wahhab Abdallah al-HAJRI


chancery: Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037


telephone: [1] (202) 965-4760


FAX: [1] (202) 337-2017
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Disputes - international demarcation of delimited boundary with Saudi Arabia involves nomadic tribal affiliations; Yemen has asserted traditional fishing rights to islands ceded to Eritrea in ICJ ruling claimed by Mauritius
Economic aid - recipient $176.1 million (1995) (1995) -
Economy - overview Yemen, one of the poorest countries in the Arab world, reported strong growth in the mid-1990s with the onset of oil production, but has been harmed by periodic declines in oil prices. Yemen has embarked on an IMF-supported structural adjustment program designed to modernize and streamline the economy, which has led to substantial foreign debt relief and restructuring. Aided by higher oil prices in 1999-2000, Yemen worked to maintain tight control over spending and implement additional components of the IMF program. A high population growth rate and internal political dissension complicate the government's task. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 2.976 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production 3.2 billion kWh (2000) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
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Elevation extremes lowest point: Arabian Sea 0 m


highest point: Jabal an Nabi Shu'ayb 3,760 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 7 m
Environment - current issues very limited natural fresh water resources; inadequate supplies of potable water; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban
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Ethnic groups predominantly Arab; but also Afro-Arab, South Asians, Europeans -
Exchange rates Yemeni rials per US dollar - 171.860 (December 2001), 168.678 (2001), 161.718 (2000), 155.718 (1999), 135.882 (1998), 129.281 (1997) -
Executive branch chief of state: President Field Marshall Ali Abdallah SALIH (since 22 May 1990, the former president of North Yemen, assumed office upon the merger of North and South Yemen); Vice President Maj. Gen. Abd al-Rab Mansur al-HADI (since 3 October 1994)


head of government: Prime Minister Abd al-Qadir BA JAMAL (since 4 April 2001)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister


elections: president elected by direct, popular vote for a seven-year term (recently extended from a five-year term by constitutional amendment); election last held 23 September 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); vice president appointed by the president; prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president


election results: Ali Abdallah SALIH elected president; percent of vote - Ali Abdallah SALIH 96.3%, Najib Qahtan AL-SHAABI 3.7%
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Exports $3.9 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) -
Exports - commodities crude oil, coffee, dried and salted fish -
Exports - partners Thailand 34%, China 26%, South Korea 14%, Singapore 9%, Japan 3%, Saudi Arabia 3% (1999) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black; similar to the flag of Syria which has two green stars and of Iraq which has three green stars (plus an Arabic inscription) in a horizontal line centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt which has a heraldic eagle centered in the white band the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $14.8 billion (2001 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 17%


industry: 40%


services: 43% (1998)
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GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $820 (2001 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 4% (2001 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 15 00 N, 48 00 E 15 52 S, 54 25 E
Geography - note strategic location on Bab el Mandeb, the strait linking the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, one of world's most active shipping lanes climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises)
Highways total: 69,263 km


paved: 9,963 km


unpaved: 59,300 km (1999)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 26% (1998) (1998)
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Imports $3 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) -
Imports - commodities food and live animals, machinery and equipment -
Imports - partners Saudi Arabia 10%, UAE 8%, France 7%, US 7%, Italy 6% (1999) -
Independence 22 May 1990, Republic of Yemen was established with the merger of the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen (Aden) or South Yemen]; previously North Yemen had become independent on NA November 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries crude oil production and petroleum refining; small-scale production of cotton textiles and leather goods; food processing; handicrafts; small aluminum products factory; cement -
Infant mortality rate 66.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 10% (2001 est.) -
International organization participation ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 4,900 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court -
Labor force NA -
Labor force - by occupation most people are employed in agriculture and herding; services, construction, industry, and commerce account for less than one-fourth of the labor force -
Land boundaries total: 1,746 km


border countries: Oman 288 km, Saudi Arabia 1,458 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 2.75%


permanent crops: 0.21%


other: 97.04% (1998 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (2001)
Languages Arabic -
Legal system based on Islamic law, Turkish law, English common law, and local tribal customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch a new constitutional amendment ratified on 20 February 2001 created a bicameral legislature consisting of a Shura Council (111 seats; members appointed by the president) and a House of Representatives (301 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: last held 27 April 1997 (next to be held 27 April 2003)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - GPC 189, Islah 52, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, independents 54, election pending 1; seats by party as of January 2002: GPC 223, Islah 64, Nasserite Unionist Party 3, National Arab Socialist Baath Party 2, YSP 2, independents 7
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Life expectancy at birth total population: 60.59 years


male: 58.81 years


female: 62.46 years (2002 est.)
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Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 38%


male: 53%


female: 26% (1990 est.)
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Location Middle East, bordering the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Red Sea, between Oman and Saudi Arabia Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Merchant marine total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,002 GRT/23,752 DWT


ships by type: cargo 1, petroleum tanker 3


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Hong Kong 2 (2002 est.)
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Military - note establishement of a Coast Guard, scheduled for May 2001, has been delayed defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Army (includes Special Forces, established in 1999), Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Republican Guard -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $482.5 million (FY01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.2% (FY01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 4,272,156 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 2,397,914 (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - military age 14 years of age (2002 est.) -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 238,690 (2002 est.) -
National holiday Unification Day, 22 May (1990) -
Nationality noun: Yemeni(s)


adjective: Yemeni
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Natural hazards sandstorms and dust storms in summer NA
Natural resources petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper, fertile soil in west fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -
Pipelines crude oil 644 km; petroleum products 32 km -
Political parties and leaders there are over 12 political parties active in Yemen, some of the more prominent are: General People's Congress or GPC [President Ali Abdallah SALIH]; Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah [Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR]; National Arab Socialist Baath Party [Dr. Qassim SALAAM]; Nasserite Unionist Party [Abdel Malik al-MAKHLAFI]; Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Ali Salih MUQBIL]


note: President SALIH's General People's Congress or GPC won a landslide victory in the April 1997 legislative election and no longer governs in coalition with Shaykh Abdallah bin Husayn al-AHMAR's Islamic Reform Grouping or Islah - the two parties had been in coalition since the end of the civil war in 1994; the YSP, a loyal opposition party, boycotted the April 1997 legislative election, but announced that it would participate in Yemen's first local elections which were held in February 2001; these local elections aim to decentralize political power and are a key element of the government's political reform program
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Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 18,701,257 (July 2002 est.) uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA -
Population growth rate 3.4% (2002 est.) -
Ports and harbors Aden, Al Hudaydah, Al Mukalla, As Salif, Ras Issa, Mocha, Nishtun none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 6, FM 1, shortwave 2 (1998) -
Radios 1.05 million (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Muslim including Shaf'i (Sunni) and Zaydi (Shi'a), small numbers of Jewish, Christian, and Hindu -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
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Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment: since unification in 1990, efforts have been made to create a national telecommunications network


domestic: the national network consists of microwave radio relay, cable, tropospheric scatter, and GSM cellular mobile telephone systems


international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region), and 2 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and Djibouti
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Telephones - main lines in use 291,359 (1999) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 32,042 (2000) -
Television broadcast stations 7 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain narrow coastal plain backed by flat-topped hills and rugged mountains; dissected upland desert plains in center slope into the desert interior of the Arabian Peninsula low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic
Total fertility rate 6.9 children born/woman (2002 est.) -
Unemployment rate 30% (1995 est.) -
Waterways none -
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